Published: November 14, 2021
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After all the #COP26 debate about whether "requests" is stronger UN-speak than "urges" (it is), here's a fuller version of the @UNFCCC style guide on how to choose verbs in legal text eg "encourage" is at the weaker end of the spectrum, which runs from "instructs" to "calls"

Image in tweet by Simon Evans
Image in tweet by Simon Evans
Image in tweet by Simon Evans
Image in tweet by Simon Evans

@DrSimEvans @UNFCCC Thanks @DrSimEvans! Is this guide publicly available? Couldn't see it from a quick google

@lucysmaxwell @UNFCCC Hi Lucy, it's from a reliable source but isn't officially online as far as I'm aware

@DrSimEvans @UNFCCC Would there be some way of providing some political language guidance for people to understand to what extent these wordings actually show an improvement ? It’s hard I think for scientists and commoners to see any meaning of stronger language in some of these …

@mjczies @UNFCCC A lot of it is a matter of nuance but to me, the stronger-to-weaker spectrum is pretty clear from a "request", to an "invitation" and an "encouragement".

@DrSimEvans @UNFCCC Do you have part 2 Simon?

@kimfriedmans @UNFCCC I do not, sorry

@DrSimEvans @UNFCCC Thanks! Useful😊

@DrSimEvans @UNFCCC I also like the subtle difference between shall (article 4.2 of the Paris Agreement) and will (article 4.3)

@DrSimEvans @UNFCCC *saves this for next year's @CarbonBrief quiz *

@DrSimEvans @UNFCCC Great! How did you get the guide?

@DrSimEvans @UNFCCC This is super helpful @DrSimEvans, thanks for sharing! Are all the lists ranked in the same order as the invitations and requests (from strongest to weakest), or is the nuance different for them?

@DrSimEvans @UNFCCC Is it possible to get a pdf version or text version for these screenshots?

@DrSimEvans @UNFCCC lol wut? Z O G @un doing?

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