Toni Wahrstätter ⟠

Ethereum's execution layer scaling roadmap is on track:
- Continuous Gas Limit Increases (EIP-7935)
- History Expiry (EIP-4444)
- Delayed Execution (EIP-7886) 
- Block Access Lists (EIP-7928)
- Block-Level Warming (EIP-7863) 

Here's a short thread with additional context👇

Recently, the gas limit was raised from 30m to 36m. The road to 60m was blocked by hardcoded limits in client implementations, which Pectra resolves.
With ongoing focus on scaling the L1, 100m gas until Glamsterdam should be realistic.  

More info here:
https://ethresear.ch/t/on-increasing-the-block-gas-limit-technical-considerations-path-forward/21225

And check out the EIP by @_sophiagold_ here:
https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/82037e12f76f0035a3ac8ede85b4d373f962eef1/eip-7935.md

The @NethermindEth team has launched a new test network with shorter slot times and higher gas limits, pushing clients to their limits to learn and improve for the future. 
Check out @ChodoKamil’s tweet for more context:
https://x.com/ChodoKamil/status/1915408546017018156

EIP-9698 is a very fresh proposal by @dankrad: an exponential gas limit increase — 100x over 4 years — via default client voting.
It aims for predictable, sustainable L1 scaling while keeping flexibility for users to override.

More details: https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-9698-exponential-gas-limit-increase-via-default-client-voting-behavior/23884

History expiry (EIP-4444) will make serving old blocks optional, massively reducing storage needs for nodes. This makes running a full node cheaper and keeps the network decentralized, even under increasing load -more info here:
https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4444

Delayed execution (EIP-7886) is a highly requested feature by zkVMs, giving them more time for proof generation. 
It allows validators to attest to blocks without fully executing them first.
Instead of having just 1–2 seconds, validators get ~10 seconds to execute, creating significant room for gas limit increases.
More details here:
https://ethresear.ch/t/delayed-execution-and-skipped-transactions/21677

Block Access Lists (EIP-7928) improve execution by enabling true parallelization. 
Today, clients optimistically parallelize execution, which works well for typical blocks but can fail in worst-case scenarios. 
With EIP-7928, blocks will include aggregated dependency graphs, allowing clients to build smarter and safer parallel execution strategies.
Find additional info here:
https://ethresear.ch/t/execution-dependencies/22150
and
https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/9580

Block-level warming (EIP-7863) improves execution efficiency by keeping accessed addresses and storage slots “warm” across the whole block (or even multiple blocks), not just within a transaction. 
This avoids redundant cold access costs, better aligns gas fees with real client workloads, and leads to ~10% efficiency gains. 
It’s a simple but powerful optimization for higher throughput.
More info here:
https://ethresear.ch/t/block-level-warming/21452

Scaling the L1 is being taken seriously, and with EIP-4444 underway and others aiming for Glamsterdam, 2026 should bring major progress on the scaling front without compromising decentralization.